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Passive safety refers to the technical measures a vehicle uses to reduce injuries to occupants and pedestrians during an accident through its design structure or equipment. Its core lies in "post-accident protection," complementing the "pre-accident prevention" of active safety systems. Common passive safety features include high-strength body structures, airbags, pre-tensioned seatbelts, collapsible steering columns, and pedestrian protection hoods. These designs absorb impact forces, reduce cabin deformation, and provide a buffer zone for occupants during a collision. For example, the energy-absorbing zone at the front of the body disperses impact energy through controlled deformation, while side door impact beams resist intrusion in side collisions. In recent years, some high-end models have also added central airbags or rear side airbags to further protect passengers' heads and torsos. It's worth noting that passive safety performance is typically verified through authoritative crash tests (such as ASEAN NCAP), and consumers can refer to test results to evaluate vehicle safety. With technological advancements, the application of new materials like hot-formed steel and aluminum alloys has allowed car bodies to maintain higher strength while reducing weight, reflecting the continuous evolution of automotive safety design.

The main difference between active and passive car anti-theft alarm systems lies in the triggering method and ease of use. Active alarms require the owner to manually turn them on or off, such as through a remote key or mobile app, which is suitable for scenarios with high security requirements. Passive alarms, on the other hand, automatically activate after locking the car without additional operation, making them more suitable for daily use that pursues convenience. Both systems can alert abnormal situations through sound and light alarms or mobile phone notifications, but active systems usually provide more customized functions, such as adjusting sensitivity or setting mute mode. In addition, modern anti-theft systems are often combined with GPS tracking or remote shutdown functions to further enhance the anti-theft effect. It is recommended to choose according to personal driving habits, and pay attention to regularly checking the system's battery and sensor status to ensure its normal operation.

The key difference between active and passive safety restraint systems lies in how they work and when they kick in. Active systems like pre-tensioning seatbelts, active headrests, and electronic stability control monitor vehicle conditions through sensors and intervene *before* an accident occurs—think pre-tensioners instantly cinching the belt to hold occupants firmly in place during hard braking. Passive systems, on the other hand—such as standard seatbelts, airbags, and collapsible steering wheels—kick in *after* a collision, using physical structures to absorb impact forces. Together, they dramatically boost driving safety, which is why modern cars typically come with both for all-around protection. It’s worth noting that as tech advances, some high-end models now feature smart safety systems like collision warning and automatic emergency braking—tech that’s blurring the line between active and passive even further. As a car owner, make sure to regularly check that your seatbelts retract properly and that your airbag warning light is off to keep these critical safety features in top working order.

The main purpose of Front Pedestrian Braking, a key active safety feature, is to use the vehicle's built-in cameras or radar to constantly monitor the road ahead. When the system detects a potential collision with a pedestrian, it first issues visual or audible warnings to prompt the driver to brake. If the driver doesn't respond in time, the system automatically kicks in and applies emergency braking to reduce collision risk or minimize injury severity. This tech is especially handy on city streets or in poor visibility conditions, effectively boosting pedestrian safety while cutting down on accidents caused by distracted driving. Modern cars typically integrate this feature with other assist systems like Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) or Forward Collision Warning (FCW) to form a more comprehensive protection network. It's important to note that while this system significantly enhances safety, drivers still need to stay focused—technology has its limits, like slower response in extreme weather or when a pedestrian suddenly darts into the lane. Regular sensor maintenance and understanding the feature's limitations as outlined in the vehicle manual can help owners use this technology more effectively.

The core purpose of equipping cars with safety functions is to protect the lives of drivers, passengers, and other road users, while reducing the risk of accidents and the degree of injury caused by accidents. The safety systems of modern cars can be divided into two categories: active safety and passive safety. Active safety functions such as anti lock braking system (ABS), electronic stability control (ESC), and automatic emergency braking (AEB) can intervene in vehicle dynamics to avoid danger before accidents occur, while passive safety functions such as airbags, pre tensioned seat belts, and collision absorbing body structures can reduce injuries through physical protection during collisions. With the advancement of technology, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are gradually becoming popular, such as lane keeping assistance and blind spot monitoring, further enhancing driving safety. These safety configurations are not only mandatory products of regulations, but also a respect for users' right to life by car manufacturers. For example, the ASEAN New Car Safety Assessment System (ASEAN NCAP) has promoted the improvement of regional vehicle safety standards. It is worth noting that the actual effectiveness of safety features depends on proper use and regular maintenance, such as excessive use of seat belt buckles or insufficient tire pressure, which can significantly reduce system efficiency. In addition, there may be differences in safety configurations among different car models. It is recommended to prioritize choosing a car model equipped with a complete safety system when purchasing a car, as even the most luxurious configuration cannot replace the safety guarantee of life.