Q

how to change car ownership in malaysia

Changing car ownership in Malaysia (Change of Car Ownership) has to be done through the Road Transport Department (JPJ). The main process involves preparing copies of both the buyer's and seller's ICs, the original vehicle registration certificate (Geran), a copy of the road tax, a completed JPJ form (like the JPJK3), and a signed sales and purchase agreement between both parties. If you're dealing through a used car dealer, you'll also need to attach the transaction contract. After that, head to a JPJ counter or an authorized agent (such as MYEG) to submit the application and pay the processing fee (around RM100 to RM200). The processing time is usually 1 to 3 working days, and once completed, the new owner will receive an updated vehicle registration certificate and road tax. It's important to note that if there's still an outstanding loan on the vehicle, you need to settle it first and obtain a Letter of Release from the bank. Also, it's advisable for the new owner to promptly transfer the insurance policy to avoid claim disputes. If the road tax hasn't expired, there's no need to renew it immediately, but make sure the insurance is valid. Additionally, some states in Malaysia may require a vehicle inspection (PUSPAKOM) to verify the car's condition, especially for older vehicles. So, it's a good idea to check the specific requirements in your state beforehand to avoid delays. While the whole process is relatively straightforward, ensuring all documents are complete and compliant will significantly boost efficiency. If you have any questions, you can check the JPJ official website or contact their hotline for the latest guidance.
Special Disclaimer: This content is published by users and does not represent the views or position of PCauto.
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The brake lines used in automotive braking systems are mainly divided into two types: metal hard lines and rubber hoses. Metal hard lines are usually made of galvanized steel or copper-nickel alloy, featuring high pressure resistance and corrosion resistance. They're primarily used in fixed areas between the frame and axle, ensuring stable brake fluid transmission over the long term. Rubber hoses, on the other hand, have a composite structure of multi-layer reinforced rubber and fiber braiding, offering a certain degree of flexibility. They're typically used to connect suspension moving parts with the frame, adapting to the deformation needs when wheels bounce up and down. It's important to note that rubber hoses can age and crack over time—we recommend inspecting and replacing them every 5 years or 100,000 kilometers. Additionally, some high-performance models now use stainless steel braided hoses to enhance pressure resistance and durability, but for daily driving, both traditional materials reliably ensure braking safety as long as you regularly check for leaks, bulges, or deformation in the lines. Brake fluid should also be replaced every 2 years to prevent moisture buildup from affecting braking efficiency.
PrettyplPrettyplJan 21, 2026
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Do any pros still use rim brakes?
Professional riders do still use rim brakes in specific scenarios, especially in road races or long-distance endurance events. Rim brakes are favored for their lightweight design, simple structure, and easy maintenance. They deliver reliable braking power and heat dissipation, particularly in dry conditions. While disc brakes offer better stability on wet roads and steep descents, they add weight and require more complex setup. That's why rim brakes still hold value on race-grade road bikes where every gram counts—you'll see some classics riders opt for them to reduce wheel weight. These days, though, the pro peloton is gradually shifting toward disc brakes as the norm. For amateur riders, it really comes down to your needs. If you often ride in rainy mountain areas, disc brakes are safer. If you prefer that classic mechanical feel or need to cut weight for racing, rim brakes are still a solid choice. Both technologies have their place; it all depends on balancing your riding environment and personal preferences.
GracefulDeerGracefulDeerJan 21, 2026
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How often should you replace front suspension?
The replacement frequency of the front suspension system usually depends on the vehicle's usage conditions, driving habits, and road conditions. Generally speaking, front suspension components like shock absorbers, control arms, and ball joints have a lifespan of around 80,000 to 100,000 kilometers. However, if you frequently drive on bumpy roads or carry heavy loads, you may need to inspect or replace them earlier. It's recommended to conduct a comprehensive suspension system inspection every 20,000 kilometers or once a year, especially if you notice abnormal noises, steering wheel vibration, or uneven tire wear—then you should promptly take it to a professional repair shop for testing. In addition, maintaining the suspension system is important; regularly cleaning and lubricating relevant components can extend its service life. Understanding how the suspension system works also helps car owners better maintain their vehicles. For example, the role of shock absorbers is to absorb road vibrations, while control arms connect the wheels to the car body, ensuring driving stability. Ignoring suspension system issues not only affects driving comfort but can also endanger driving safety, so regular inspection and maintenance are essential.
PhoenixRiseRebornPhoenixRiseRebornJan 21, 2026
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What happens if the rear suspension fails?
When the rear suspension system fails, the vehicle will exhibit a noticeable decrease in handling and instability while driving. Especially when cornering or passing over uneven roads, the rear end will swing or lean abnormally, increasing the risk of rollover. At the same time, tire wear will also intensify, which may lead to dangerous situations such as tire blowouts. In addition, a faulty suspension will affect the vehicle's load-carrying capacity, causing the rear to sink or produce abnormal noises. To ensure driving safety, it is recommended to regularly inspect various components of the suspension system, including shock absorbers, springs, and control arms. If any abnormalities are found, they should be repaired or replaced in a timely manner. When driving normally, also pay attention to avoiding overloading or passing through bumpy sections at high speed, as these will put additional strain on the suspension system. If you frequently drive on harsh road conditions, you can consider upgrading suspension components to improve durability, but it should be noted that modified suspension may affect the original factory tuning balance, so it is best to do so under the guidance of professional technicians.
LovelyliLovelyliJan 21, 2026
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What are the benefits of rear suspension?
The advantages of the rear suspension system mainly lie in three aspects: enhancing driving comfort, handling stability, and vehicle adaptability. Independent rear suspension effectively absorbs road bumps and reduces the transmission of vibrations into the cabin, making it particularly suitable for the local winding road conditions and providing passengers with a smoother ride. In terms of handling, advanced rear suspension structures such as multi-link or double wishbone can precisely control tire contact with the road, enhancing grip during cornering, which is especially important for drivers who often encounter rainy and slippery road surfaces. In addition, an excellent rear suspension design can also balance changes in vehicle load, maintaining stable body posture whether carrying full passengers or transporting items. It is worth noting that different suspension types have their own characteristics. For example, the torsion beam structure is lower in cost and saves space, while the air suspension can automatically adjust the height. The choice needs to be considered based on actual vehicle usage needs. With technological advancements, some models now are also equipped with active rear suspension systems, which can adjust damping force in real-time through sensors to further optimize the driving and riding experience.
FixerToolFixerToolJan 21, 2026
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How does suspension affect a car?
A car's suspension system directly impacts ride comfort, handling stability, and safety. It balances different driving needs by absorbing road vibrations and keeping the tires in contact with the ground. Softer suspensions effectively filter out bumps, making them ideal for daily commuting, but they exhibit more body roll during cornering. Sport-tuned suspensions are stiffer, delivering clearer road feedback and stronger support—perfect for drivers who prioritize handling, though they're more sensitive to rough road surfaces. Suspension design also involves geometric configurations; for instance, multi-link setups precisely control wheel angles to enhance cornering grip, while torsion beam structures are more cost-effective and durable. The synergy between tires and suspension is crucial too—high-performance tires paired with well-tuned suspension can fully unlock their grip potential. Additionally, electronic suspension systems that adjust damping stiffness in real-time, balancing comfort and sport modes, are becoming increasingly common in higher-trim models. Regularly inspecting suspension components like shock absorbers, ball joints, and worn bushings is essential. Oil leaks or unusual noises may indicate the need for repairs, as neglecting these issues can compromise driving stability and accelerate tire wear.
StarryNightWandererStarryNightWandererJan 21, 2026
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How many types of rear suspension are there?
In automotive engineering, common rear suspension systems mainly include torsion beam, multi-link, double wishbone, and solid axle types. The torsion beam features a simple structure and low cost, mostly used in economy models, offering good space utilization but slightly inferior comfort. The multi-link type independently controls wheel movement through multiple links, balancing handling and comfort, commonly found in mid-to-high-end models. The double wishbone type adopts an upper and lower wishbone structure with high lateral stiffness, suitable for vehicles emphasizing sporty performance. The solid axle is mostly used in rugged off-road vehicles or commercial vehicles, relying on a rigid axle to ensure high load capacity but with weaker comfort. Additionally, some high-performance cars or luxury vehicles employ air suspension or active suspension technology, which adjusts damping in real-time through electronic systems to adapt to different road conditions. The choice of suspension system directly affects the driving experience; for example, the multi-link type can effectively filter out road vibrations, while the double wishbone type provides more precise steering feedback when cornering. Consumers can weigh space, cost, and performance based on their daily needs.
TwilightHunterTwilightHunterJan 20, 2026
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How does front suspension affect handling?
The front suspension system directly impacts a vehicle's handling, primarily through three aspects: geometric design, damping tuning, and structural rigidity. MacPherson struts are common in regular cars due to their simple structure and low cost, offering decent steering feedback and comfort, but body roll is more noticeable during aggressive cornering. Double-wishbone or multi-link suspensions, on the other hand, improve tire contact with the road through more complex geometries, maintaining better grip especially in corners, making them ideal for performance models. Spring stiffness and shock absorber damping settings also alter handling characteristics; stiffer setups reduce body roll but compromise comfort, while electronically adjustable suspensions can balance both. Additionally, the caster angle design affects steering wheel self-centering force and high-speed stability—a larger caster angle enhances straight-line stability but increases steering effort. It's worth noting that suspension performance also needs to match tires, steering system, and vehicle center of gravity. For example, low-profile tires improve cornering precision but amplify road feel transmitted through the suspension. In daily driving, regularly checking the condition of suspension bushings and shock absorbers is important too; worn components can lead to vague handling and even affect driving safety.
JoyfultiJoyfultiJan 20, 2026
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Do all bikes have front suspension?
Not all motorcycles come with front suspension systems—it really depends on the bike's design and intended use. Your typical street bikes, sport bikes, and adventure bikes usually have telescopic front forks to soak up road vibrations and improve handling. But some budget-friendly commuter models or retro-style underbone bikes (like the Cub series) might skip the suspension altogether, using rigid forks or simple fixed setups to keep costs down. For dirt bikes, inverted front forks are more common since they offer better impact resistance. These suspension differences directly affect the ride: on local twisty roads or unpaved trails, a good front suspension makes a huge difference in comfort and safety. If you're thinking about upgrading, make sure the shock's travel and damping characteristics match your bike, and don't forget to regularly check the fork seals and oil condition to keep things working right. Every brand tunes their suspension differently too—some are stiffer for sporty riding, others are softer for better bump absorption. Definitely test ride before you decide.
CheerysmCheerysmJan 20, 2026
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Do you need front suspension?
Whether a front suspension system is needed depends on the vehicle type and usage scenario. Most modern cars come equipped with a front suspension system because it is crucial for handling, comfort, and safety. The front suspension system absorbs road bumps through components like shock absorbers, springs, and linkages, maintaining tire contact with the ground and ensuring precise steering and ride comfort—especially important on the twisty or uneven roads common around here. Some specialty vehicles like go-karts or all-terrain buggies might use a rigid front axle or no suspension at all, but those aren’t meant for daily driving. It’s worth noting that suspension design and tuning directly impact the driving experience; independent suspension typically offers better handling and comfort, while torsion beam suspension prioritizes durability and cost-effectiveness. Regularly checking suspension components—like whether shock absorbers are leaking oil or bushings are aging—is necessary. A damaged suspension can cause abnormal tire wear, poor handling, and even affect driving safety. Different brands have their own unique suspension technologies, but the core function is always to improve driving stability and ride quality.
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Are rim brakes still worth it?
While disc brakes are becoming the norm these days, rim brakes still hold their ground, especially for riders on a budget or those chasing lightweight setups. Rim brakes have a simple structure, low maintenance costs, and are easy to work on—swapping brake pads or adjusting cables is straightforward, making them ideal for daily commuting or casual rides. Plus, they’re usually lighter than disc brakes, which is a big plus for road bikes or racing models. That said, their stopping power and reliability take a nosedive in wet or muddy conditions—that’s their main downside. If you ride a lot in the rain or need stronger braking, disc brakes are the way to go. Both have their pros and cons; choosing between them boils down to your riding needs and budget. It’s worth noting that many entry-level bikes still come with rim brakes, while higher-end models mostly feature discs, but as technology improves, disc brake costs are dropping, so they’ll probably become even more common down the line.
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Do any cars still use drum brakes?
Some economy cars and commercial vehicles still use drum brakes these days, especially in their rear braking systems. This design mainly comes down to cost control and durability—drum brakes have a simpler structure and lower maintenance costs, making them a solid fit for situations where braking performance isn’t the top priority, like city commuting or light-duty trucks that don’t haul heavy loads. While modern passenger cars have mostly switched to disc brakes for better heat dissipation and stopping power, drum brakes still hold their own in specific models. They offer longer pad life and better resistance to dust and water, which is handy in rainy, humid climates. Interestingly, some hybrid and electric vehicles also use drum brakes on the rear wheels because the regenerative braking system handles most of the stopping force, so the rear brakes don’t bear as much load. If you’re thinking about buying a vehicle with drum brakes, it’s a good idea to test-drive it to get a feel for the braking performance. Also, make sure you know the key maintenance points, like cleaning out dust from the brake drums and checking pad wear, to keep things safe on the road.
ForestryForestryJan 21, 2026
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What are the wheel brakes on a plane?
The principle of aircraft wheel braking system is similar to that of car braking, but the design is more complex, mainly used for landing deceleration, ground taxi control, and parking fixation. Modern aircraft often use multi disc carbon fiber brake components, driven by hydraulic or electric systems, with high temperature resistance and strong heat dissipation. For example, the carbon brake discs of the Boeing 787 can withstand temperatures exceeding 1500 ° C. Compared to single disc brakes in cars, airplane brakes need to handle higher loads, so multiple brake discs are stacked together to create frictional resistance during braking by pressing the discs with an actuator. Interestingly, some aircraft models such as the Airbus A380 are also equipped with anti-skid systems (similar to car ABS) to prevent tire lock up and skidding. The energy conversion of aircraft braking is astonishing, and the heat generated during a heavy landing is enough to boil several tons of water, so the cooling time of braking is also a key focus of ground inspection. During maintenance, it is necessary to regularly measure the brake wear indicator pin, which is similar to the principle of detecting the thickness of automotive brake pads. It is worth mentioning that some military transport planes, such as the C-17, can even achieve 180 degree stationary steering through reverse braking, which is not yet widely used in the civilian field.
SilverlinSilverlinJan 21, 2026
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How much does it cost to replace a wheel cylinder?
The cost of replacing the wheel cylinder is usually between RM200 and RM800, depending on the vehicle model, brand, and the choice of repair shop. Original parts may be more expensive but have better quality assurance than aftermarket parts, while prices at roadside shops may be lower than those at authorized repair centers but there may be differences in service and technical level. The brake cylinder is an important component in the drum brake system, responsible for pushing the brake pads into contact with the brake drum during braking. If there is oil leakage or jamming, it can cause brake failure or dragging. Therefore, once the brake pedal becomes soft or the braking distance becomes longer, it should be checked in a timely manner. In addition to the cost of replacement, it is recommended to also check the condition of the brake oil and consider replacement, as old brake oil may contain moisture or impurities that affect brake performance. It is usually a reasonable maintenance cycle to replace brake oil every 2 years or 40000 kilometers. If the vehicle has traveled over 100000 kilometers, it is also possible to consider checking the wear of the brake drum and brake pads, as excessively worn brake pads can accelerate the damage of the cylinder.
GoldenshGoldenshJan 21, 2026
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What are three wheel brakes?
A three wheel braking system typically refers to a braking device designed for three wheeled vehicles, including traditional three wheel motorcycles, electric tricycles, or special-purpose three wheel cars. The braking configuration may vary depending on the vehicle's purpose, such as a combination of disc brakes on the front wheels and drum brakes on the rear wheels, or hydraulic disc brakes on all wheels to improve braking efficiency. Compared with four-wheel vehicles, tricycles require more attention to brake force distribution due to the lack of one contact point. Some high-end models are equipped with ABS anti lock braking systems to prevent slipping on wet and slippery roads. It is worth noting that the maintenance cycle of tricycle brakes is usually shorter than that of cars, especially for heavy-duty tricycles, which require frequent inspection of brake pad wear and hydraulic oil status. When upgrading brakes, modification enthusiasts should pay attention to matching the original specifications to avoid the risk of rollover caused by imbalanced brake force distribution. In addition, with the popularization of electric vehicles, some new electric tricycles adopt energy recovery braking technology, which can convert kinetic energy into electrical energy during deceleration. This hybrid braking mode relies less on traditional brake pads, but regular inspection of mechanical brake components is still a necessary safety measure.
AdventureAdventureJan 21, 2026
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